Answers key

1. C Occasionally patients with infectious mononucleosis develop a potent cold agglutinin
   with anti-I specificity. This cold autoantibody can cause strong hemolysis and
   hemolytic anemia.
2. C HIV infection brings about several hematological abnormalities seen on peripheral
   blood smear examination; most patients demonstrate reactive lymphocytes and have
   granulocytopenia.
3. A Döhle bodies are RNA-rich areas within polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) that
   are oval and light blue. Although often associated with infectious states, they are seen
   in a wide range of conditions and toxic reactions, including hemolytic and pernicious
   anemias, chronic granulocytic leukemia, and therapy with antineoplastic drugs. The
   other inclusions are associated with erythrocytes.
4. B Myeloperoxidase, lysozyme, and acid phosphatase are enzymes that are contained in
   the primary granules of neutrophils. The contents of secondary and tertiary granules
   include lactoferrin, collagenase, NADPH oxidase, and alkaline phosphatase.
5. D The mean relative lymphocyte percentage for a 1-year-old child is 61% compared with
   the mean lymphocyte percentage of 35% in an adult.
6. B Neutrophil changes associated with infection may include neutrophilia, shift to the left,
   toxic granulation, Döhle bodies, and vacuolization. Pelgeroid hyposegmentation is
   noted in neutrophils from individuals with congenital Pelger–Huët anomaly and those
   with an acquired anomaly induced by drug ingestion or secondary to certain
   conditions, such as leukemia.
7. A Neutropenia is defined as an absolute decrease in the number of circulating
   neutrophils. This condition is present in patients having neutrophil counts of less than
   1.5 × 109/L.
8. B Chédiak–Higashi syndrome is a disorder of neutrophil phagocytic dysfunction caused
   by depressed chemotaxis and delayed degranulation. The degranulation disturbance is
   attributed to interference from the giant lysosomal granules characteristic of this
   disorder.
9. C Pelger–Huët anomaly is a benign familial condition reported in 1 out of 6,000
   individuals. Care must be taken to differentiate Pelger–Huët cells from the numerous
   band neutrophils and metamyelocytes that may be observed during severe infection or
   a shift-to-the-left of immaturity in granulocyte stages.
10. D If both the heterophile antibody test and the EBV-IgM tests yield negative results in a
    patient with reactive lymphocytosis and a suspected viral infection, serum should be
    analyzed for IgM antibodies to CMV. CMV belongs to the herpes virus family and is
    endemic worldwide. CMV infection is the most common cause of heterophile-negative
    infectious mononucleosis.
11. A The biochemical products of the respiratory burst involved in neutrophil particle
    ingestion during phagocytosis are H2O2 and O2–. The activated neutrophil discharges
    the enzyme NADPH oxidase into the phagolysosome, where it converts O2 to O2–,
    which is then reduced to H2O2.
12. D Both reactive lymphocytes and blasts may have basophilic cytoplasm, a high N:C
    ratio, and the presence of prominent nucleoli. Blasts, however, have an extremely fine
    nuclear chromatin staining pattern as viewed on a Wright– and Giemsa–stained smear.

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Answers key

1. D Megaloblastic anemia is macrocytic normochromic because there is no defect in Hgb
   synthesis. These anemias comprise a group of asynchronized anemias characterized by
   defective nuclear maturation resulting from defective DNA synthesis. This abnormality
   accounts for the megaloblastic features in bone marrow and macrocytosis in peripheral
   blood.
2. D Pernicious anemia is caused by lack of intrinsic factor, which prevents vitamin B12
   absorption.
3. B Megaloblastic anemias are associated with ineffective erythropoiesis and, therefore, a
   decrease in the reticulocyte count.
4. B Administration of folic acid to a patient with vitamin B12 deficiency will correct the
   hematological abnormalities, but the neurological problems will persist. This helps
   confirm the correct diagnosis of vitamin B12 deficiency.
5. D Ineffective erythropoiesis is caused by destruction of erythroid precursor cells prior to
   their release from bone marrow. Pernicious anemia results from defective DNA
   synthesis; it is suggested that the asynchronous development of RBCs renders them
   more prone to intramedullary destruction.
6. D Patients with pernicious anemia demonstrate pancytopenia with low WBC, PLT, and
   RBC counts. Because this is a megaloblastic process and a DNA maturation defect, all
   cell lines are affected. In bone marrow, this results in abnormally large precursor cells,
   maturation asynchrony, hyperplasia of all cell lines, and a low M:E ratio.
7. B Patients with obstructive liver disease may have macrocytes on their peripheral blood
   smear because of an increased tendency toward deposition of lipid on the surface of
   RBCs. Consequently, the RBCs are larger or more macrocytic than normal RBCs.
8. C Macrocytes in true megaloblastic conditions are oval, as opposed to the round shape of
   macrocytes usually seen in alcoholism and obstructive liver disease.
9. C The RBC indices in a patient with megaloblastic anemia are macrocytic and
   normochromic. The macrocytosis is prominent, with MCV ranging from 100 to 130
   fL.
10. B The patient will have increased MCV. One of the causes of a macrocytic anemia that
    is not megaloblastic is increased reticulocyte count, here noted as increased
    polychromasia. Reticulocytes are polychromatic macrocytes; therefore, MCV is
    slightly increased.

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Answers key

1. B Osmotic fragility is decreased because numerous target cells are present and have
   increased surface volume in patients with thalassemia major.
2. C In IDA, there is an increase in TIBC and in RBC protoporphyrin. Serum iron and
   ferritin levels are decreased. IDA is characterized by a microcytic hypochromic
   anemia.
3. D In IDA, serum iron and ferritin levels are decreased, and TIBC and RBC
   protoporphyrin are increased. In chronic disease, serum iron and TIBC are both
   decreased because the iron is trapped in reticuloendothelial (RE) cells and is
   unavailable to RBCs for Hgb production.
4. B Thalassemia and IDA are both classified as microcytic, hypochromic anemias. IDA is
   caused by defective heme synthesis, whereas thalassemia is caused by decreased
   globin chain synthesis.
5. A IDA is characterized by decreased plasma iron, increased TIBC, decreased %
   saturation, and microcytic, hypochromic anemia. Iron deficiency occurs in three
   phases: iron depletion, iron-deficient erythropoiesis, and IDA.
6. D Ferritin enters serum from all ferritin-producing tissues and, therefore, is considered a
   good indicator of body storage iron. Because iron stores must be depleted before
   anemia develops, low serum ferritin levels precede the fall in serum iron associated
   with IDA.
7. D Sideroblastic anemias are a group of disorders characterized by hypochromic anemia,
   ineffective erythropoiesis, an increase in serum and tissue iron, and the presence of
   ringed sideroblasts in bone marrow.
8. C In thalassemia major, there is little or no production of the β-chain, resulting in
   severely depressed or no synthesis of Hgb A. Severe anemia is seen, along with
   skeletal abnormalities and marked splenomegaly. The patient is usually supported with
   transfusion therapy.
9. D Patients with thalassemia major are unable to synthesize the β-chain; hence, little or no
   Hgb A is produced. However, γ-chains continue to be synthesized and lead to variable
   elevations of Hgb F in these patients.
10. C The indices will provide a morphological classification of this anemia. MCV is 75 fL
    (reference range 80–100 fL), MCH is 20 pg (reference range 27–31 pg), and MCHC is
    26.6% (reference range 32%–36%). Therefore, the anemia is microcytic hypochromic.
11. C Hgb A2 is part of the normal complement of adult Hgb. This Hgb is elevated in β-
    thalassemia minor because the individual with this condition has only one normal β-
    gene; consequently, there is a slight elevation of Hgb A2 and Hgb F.
12. B Thirty to fifty percent of the individuals with anemia of chronic inflammation
    demonstrate a microcytic hypochromic blood picture, with decrease in serum iron.
    Serum iron is decreased because it is unable to escape from the RE cells to be
    delivered to the NRBCs in bone marrow.

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Answers key

1. C Hypersplenic conditions are generally described by the following four criteria: (1)
   cytopenias of one or more peripheral cell lines, (2) splenomegaly, (3) bone marrow
   hyperplasia, and (4) resolution of cytopenia by splenectomy.
2. B The spleen is the supreme filter of the body, pitting imperfections from the erythrocyte
   without destroying the integrity of the membrane.
3. D Spherocytes lose their deformability because of a defect in spectrin, a membrane
   protein, and are therefore prone to splenic sequestration and hemolysis.
4. C Classic features of intravascular hemolysis, such as hemoglobinemia, hemoglobinuria,
   or hemosiderinuria, do not occur in HS. The hemolysis seen in HS is an extravascular
   process, rather than an intravascular process.
5. D Spherocytic cells have decreased tolerance to swelling and, therefore, hemolyse at a
   higher concentration of sodium salt compared with normal RBCs.
6. C Sickle cell disease is a chronic hemolytic anemia classified as a normocytic,
   normochromic anemia.
7. D The major Hgb in sickle cell trait is Hgb A, which constitutes 50% to 70% of the total.
   Hgb S comprises 20% to 40%, and Hgb A2 and Hgb F are present in normal amounts.
8. B The structural mutation for Hgb S is the substitution of valine for glutamic acid at the
   sixth position of the β-chain. Because glutamic acid is negatively charged, this
   decreases its rate of migration toward the anode at pH 8.6.
9. D Substitution of a positively charged amino acid for a negatively charged amino acid in
   Hgb C disease results in a slower electrophoretic mobility at pH 8.6.
10. C At pH 8.6, several Hgbs migrate together. These include Hgb A2, Hgb C, Hgb E, Hgb
    0Arab, and Hgb CHarlem. These are located nearest the cathode at pH 8.6.
11. B Electrophoresis at alkaline pH usually shows 50% to 70% Hgb A, 20% to 40% Hgb S,
    and normal levels of Hgb A2 in a patient with the sickle cell trait.
12. D Autosplenectomy occurs in sickle cell anemia as a result of repeated infarcts to the
    spleen caused by an overwhelming sickling phenomenon.
13. A PNH is a rare acquired stem cell disorder that results in abnormalities of the RBC
    membrane. This causes the RBCs to become highly sensitive to complement-mediated
    hemolysis. Because this is a stem cell disorder, abnormalities are seen in leukocytes
    and PLTs, as well as in RBCs. PNH is characterized by recurrent, episodic
    intravascular hemolysis, hemoglobinuria, and venous thrombosis.
14. D Hemolytic anemia of HUS is associated with reticulocytosis. The anemia seen in
    HUS is multifactorial, with characteristic thrombocytopenia, schistocytes, and
    polychromasia commensurate with the anemia.
15. D The autohemolysis test result is positive in G6PD and PK deficiencies and in HS but
    is normal in PNH because lysis in PNH requires sucrose to enhance complement
    binding. The addition of glucose, sucrose, or adenosine triphosphate (ATP) corrects
    autohemolysis of HS. Autohemolysis of PK can be corrected by ATP.
16. D PCH is caused by the anti-P antibody, a cold autoantibody that binds to the patient’s
    RBCs at low temperatures and fixes complement. In the classic Donath–Landsteiner
    test, hemolysis is demonstrated in a sample placed at 4°C then warmed to 37°C.
17. A Methemoglobin occurs when iron is oxidized to the ferric state. Normally, iron is
    predominantly in the ferrous state in the Hgb that circulates. During intravascular
    hemolysis, the RBCs rupture, releasing Hgb directly into the bloodstream. Haptoglobin
    is a protein that binds to free Hgb. The increased free Hgb in intravascular hemolysis
    causes depletion of haptoglobin. As haptoglobin is depleted, unbound Hgb dimers
    appear in the plasma (hemoglobinemia) and are filtered through the kidneys and
    reabsorbed by the renal tubular cells. The renal tubular uptake capacity is
    approximately 5 g/day of filtered Hgb. Beyond this level, free Hgb appears in urine
    (hemoglobinuria). Hemoglobinuria is associated with hemoglobinemia.
18. B Spherocytes are characteristic of AIHA and cause increased osmotic fragility. In
    AIHAs, production of autoantibodies against one’s own RBCs causes hemolysis or
    phagocytic destruction of RBCs. A positive direct antiglobulin (DAT or Coombs’) test
    identifies in vivo antibody-coated and complement-coated RBCs. A positive DAT
    result distinguishes AIHA from other types of hemolytic anemia that produce
    spherocytes.
19. C In patients with G6PD deficiency, the RBCs are unable to reduce nicotinamide
    adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP); consequently, Hgb is denatured, and Heinz
    bodies are formed. “Bite cells” appear in the peripheral circulation as a result of splenic
    pitting of Heinz bodies.
20. C RBC indices classify the anemia morphologically. Anemias can be classified
    morphologically by using laboratory data; physiologically, based on the mechanism;
    and clinically, based on an assessment of symptoms.
21. C Aplastic anemia has many causes, such as chemical, drug, or radiation poisoning;
    congenital aplasia; and Fanconi syndrome. All result in depletion of hematopoietic
    precursors of all cell lines, leading to peripheral blood pancytopenia.
22. A There are four classifications of CDAs, each characterized by ineffective
    erythropoiesis, increased unconjugated bilirubin, and bizarre multinucleated erythroid
    precursors.
23. D Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia is a condition resulting from shear stress to the
    erythrocytes. Fibrin strands are laid down within the microcirculation, and RBCs
    become fragmented as they contact fibrin through the circulation process, forming
    schistocytes.
24. D Chloramphenicol is the drug most often implicated in acquired aplastic anemia.
    About half the cases occur within 30 days after therapy, and about half are reversible.
    Penicillin, tetracycline, and sulfonamides have been implicated in a small number of
    cases.
25. A Sickle cell disorders are intracorpuscular RBC defects that are hereditary and result in
    defective Hgbs being produced. The gene for sickle cell can be inherited either
    homozygously or heterozygously.
26. C Spherocytes are produced in AIHA. Spherocytes may be produced by one of three
    mechanisms. First, they are a natural morphological phase of normal RBC senescence.
    Second, they are produced when the cell surface:volume ratio is decreased, as seen in
    HS. And, third, they may be produced as a result of antibody coating of RBCs. As the
    antibody-coated RBCs travel through the spleen, the antibodies and portions of the
    RBC membrane are removed by macrophages. The membrane repairs itself; hence, the
    RBC’s morphology changes from a biconcave disk to a spherocyte.
27. C This patient’s abnormal peripheral blood smear indicates marked RBC regeneration,
    causing many reticulocytes to be released from bone marrow. Because reticulocytes
    are larger than mature RBCs, MCV will be slightly elevated.
28. B As a result of splenectomy, Howell–Jolly bodies may be seen in great numbers. One
    of the main functions of the spleen is pitting, which allows inclusions to be removed
    from the RBC without destroying the cell membrane.
29. D Reticulocytes are polychromatophilic macrocytes, and the presence of reticulocytes
    indicates RBC regeneration. Bone marrow’s appropriate response to anemia is to
    deliver RBCs prematurely to the peripheral circulation. In this way, reticulocytes and
    possibly NRBCs may be seen in the peripheral blood smear.
30. C HP is a membrane defect characterized by a spectrin abnormality and thermal
    instability. MCV is decreased, and RBCs appear to be budding and fragmented.

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Answers key

1. A Insufficient centrifugation does not pack down RBCs; therefore, the Hct, which is the
   volume of packed cells, will increase.
2. A A mature erythrocyte is approximately 7 to 8 μm in diameter. Variation in normal size
   is denoted by the term anisocytosis. Hypochromia is a term that indicates increased
   central pallor in erythrocytes, and poikilocytosis denotes variation in RBC shape.
3. A The iliac crest is the most frequently used site for bone marrow aspiration and biopsy.
   This site is the safest and most easily accessible, with the bone being just beneath the
   skin, and neither blood vessels nor nerves are in the vicinity.
4. B MCV is the average “volume” of the RBCs. This is obtained by dividing the Hct or
   packed cell volume (PCV) by the RBC count in millions per microliter (μL) of blood
   and multiplying by 10. MCV is expressed in cubic microns (μm3) or femtoliters (fL).
5. A Variation in the shape of erythrocytes on a peripheral blood smear is called
   poikilocytosis. Anisocytosis refers to change in size. Hypochromia is increase in central
   pallor in erythrocytes. Polychromasia describes the bluish tinge of the immature
   erythrocytes (reticulocytes) circulating in peripheral blood.
6. C MCHC is the average concentration of Hgb in RBCs expressed as a percentage. It
   expresses the ratio of the weight of Hgb to the volume of erythrocytes and is calculated
   by dividing Hgb by Hct and then multiplying by 100. A decrease in MCHC indicates
   that cells are hypochromic. In this example, (15 ÷ 47) × 100 = 31.9%. The reference
   range for MCHC is 32% to 36%.
7. A The formula used for calculating manual cell counts by using a hemacytometer is:
   Number of cells counted × dilution factor × depth factor (10) ÷ area. In this example,
   36 × 10 × 10 = 3600 ÷ 9 = 400/mm3 or 0.4 × 109/L.
8. D Siderocytes are RBCs containing iron granules and are visible when stained with
   Prussian blue.
9. C Excessive anticoagulant causes shrinkage of cells; thus, Hct will be affected. RBC and
   WBC counts remain the same, as does the Hgb content.
10. B RBC count = number of cells counted × dilution factor × depth factor (10), ÷ area. In
    this example, 336 × 200 × 10 = 672,000 ÷ 0.2 = 3.36 × 106/mm3 = 3.36 × 1012/L.
11. D Neutrophils are highly phagocytic and release lysozymes, peroxidase, and pyrogenic
    proteins. Eosinophils migrate to sites where there is an allergic reaction or parasitic
    infestation and release peroxidase, pyrogens, and other enzymes, including an oxidase
    that neutralizes histamine. Eosinophils are poorly phagocytic and do not release
    lysozyme.
12. B In anemic states, the reticulocyte percentage is not a true measure of reticulocyte
    production. The following formula must be applied to calculate the corrected (for
    anemia) reticulocyte count. Corrected reticulocyte count = reticulocytes (%) × (Hct ÷
    45) where 45 is the average normal Hct. In this case, 7 × (20 ÷ 45) = 3.1.
13. A Osmotic fragility is decreased when numerous sickle cells and target cells are present
    and is increased in the presence of spherocytes. Spherocytes are a prominent feature of
    HS, hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn, and acquired hemolytic anemia. The
    osmotic fragility test reveals an increase in the presence of spherocytes, whereas a
    decrease is seen when sickle cells, target cells, and other poikilocytes are present.
14. A The pH of the buffer is critical in Romanowsky staining. When the pH is too low (less
    than 6.4), the RBCs take up more acid dye (eosin), becoming too pink. Leukocytes also
    show poor nuclear detail when the pH is decreased.
15. B Heinz bodies are irregular, refractile, purple inclusions that are not visible with
    Wright staining but show up with supravital staining. The other three inclusions can be
    detected with Wright staining.
16. B MCH = Hgb × 10/RBC count and is not affected by Hct. MCV = Hct × 10/RBC
    count, and MCHC = Hgb × 100/Hct; therefore, an erroneous Hct will affect these
    parameters. Centrifugal force for microhematocrit determination should be 12,000 g
    for 5 minutes to avoid errors caused by trapped plasma. RDW is calculated by using
    electronic cell counters and reflects the variance in the size of the RBC population.
    Electronic cell counters calculate Hct from MCV and RBC count. Therefore, RDW
    would be affected by an erroneous MCV.
17. B The manual reticulocyte count involves the counting of 1,000 RBCs. The Miller disk
    is a reticle (grid) that is placed in the eyepiece of the microscope and divides the field
    into two squares, one being nine times larger in size than the other. Reticulocytes are
    enumerated in both the squares. Mature RBCs are counted in the smaller one.
18. C MCV, MCH, and MCHC are all within the reference interval (normal range); hence,
    the erythrocytes should be of normal size and should reflect normal concentrations of
    Hgb. Therefore, the anemia is normocytic normochromic.
19. A EDTA and sodium citrate can be used without any effect on the ESR. Anisocytosis
    and poikilocytosis may impede rouleaux formation, thus causing a low ESR. Plasma
    proteins, especially fibrinogen and immunoglobulins, enhance rouleaux, increasing the
    ESR. Reference ranges must be established for tubes of different calibers.
20. B The reticulum within reticulocytes consists of ribonucleic acid (RNA), which cannot
    be stained with Wright stain. Supravital staining with new methylene blue is used to
    identify reticulocytes.
21. A Electronic cell (Coulter) counters use the principle of electrical impedance. Two
    electrodes suspended in isotonic solutions are separated by a glass tube that has a small
    aperture. A vacuum is applied, and as a cell passes through the aperture, it impedes the
    flow of current and generates a voltage pulse.
22. C Automated hematology analyzers enumerate all nucleated cells. NRBCs are counted
    along with WBCs, falsely elevating the WBC count. To correct the WBC count, the
    number of NRBCs per 100 WBCs should be determined. Corrected WBC count =
    (uncorrected WBC count ÷ [NRBC’s + 100]) × 100.
23. B The RDW parameter correlates with the degree of anisocytosis seen on the
    morphological examination. The reference range is 11.5% to 14.5%.
24. C Spherocytes have decreased cell diameter and volume, and this results in loss of
    central pallor and discoid shape. The index most affected is MCHC, usually being in
    excess of 36%.
25. C Standard deviation(s) describes the distribution of a sample of observations. It
    depends on the dispersion of results and is most influenced by reproducibility or
    precision. Because s is influenced by the mean, the coefficient of variation ([s ÷ mean]
    × 100) can be used to compare precision of tests with different means (e.g., WBC and
    RBC counts or low vs. high controls).
26. D Deoxyhemoglobin is the physiological Hgb that results from the unloading of O2 by
    Hgb. This is accompanied by the widening of the space between β-chains and the
    binding of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) on a mole-for-mole basis.
27. A Acidosis is associated with a shift to the right of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation
    curve and, therefore, increased O2 release (decreased affinity of Hgb for O2). Alkalosis
    does the opposite. Multiple blood transfusions shift the curve to the left because
    transfused blood is low in 2,3-DPG. Hgb S and Hgb C do not change the affinity of O2
    for Hgb; however, many hemoglobinopathies do. For example, Hgb Kansas causes a
    right shift, and Hgb Chesapeake causes a left shift of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation
    curve.
28. B In aplastic anemia, lymphocytes constitute the majority of the nucleated cells seen. In
    aplastic anemia, bone marrow is spotty, with patches of normal cellularity. Absolute
    granulocytopenia is usually present; however, lymphocyte production is less affected.
29. C The normal adult percentage of lymphocytes in a WBC differential is between 20%
    and 44%, although normal ranges vary by institution, patient population, and testing
    methodology. This range is higher in the pediatric population.
30. A There is relative neutropenia in children from ages 4 months to 4 years. Because of
    this, the percentage of lymphocytes is increased in this population. This is commonly
    referred to as a reversal in the normal differential percentage (or inverted differential).
31. C A relative monocyte count of 15% is abnormal, given that the baseline monocyte
    count in a normal differential is between 1% and 8%. An increased monocyte count
    may signal a myeloproliferative process, such as chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, an
    inflammatory response, or abnormal lymphocytes that may have been counted as
    monocytes by an automated cell counter.
32. D In normal erythrocytic maturation, Hgb formation in the late polychromatic
    normoblast stage gives the cytoplasm a prominent pink coloration. The RBC continues
    to produce Hgb throughout the reticulocyte stage of development.
33. D Increases in 2,3-DPG, acidosis, and hypoxia and rise in body temperature all shift the
    Hgb O2 dissociation curve to the right. In anemia, although the number of RBCs is
    reduced, the cells are more efficient at O2 delivery because there is an increase in RBC
    2,3-DPG. This causes the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to shift to the right,
    allowing more O2 to be released to tissues.
34. C The structure of Hgb H is β4. Hgb H disease is a severe clinical expression of α-
    thalassemia in which only one α-gene out of four is functioning.
35. D Autoagglutination at room temperature may cause a low RBC count and high MCV
    from an electronic counter. The Hct will be low because it is calculated from the RBC
    count. Low RBC count and low Hct cause falsely high values of MCH and MCHC,
    respectively.

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To access the exam, go to the LTMS portal at https://portal.lto.gov.ph, click on the “Online Services” tab, and select “Driver’s License Renewal.” Then, choose the “CDE Online Validation Exam” option. After providing your personal details and driver’s license information, you can proceed to take the exam.

The exam is a multiple-choice test with 25 questions about road safety, traffic rules, and other relevant driving topics. You must answer at least 13 questions correctly to pass, which is an 50% passing score. You will have enough time to answer all 25 questions, so take your time and make sure you understand each question before answering.

Once you complete the exam, you will receive your score and confirmation of passing. You can then proceed to finalize the rest of your driver’s license renewal application, either online or in-person at an LTO office.

Tips for passing the exam:

• Prepare and review road safety and traffic rules before taking the exam.
• Read each question carefully and make sure you understand it before answering.
• If you are unsure of an answer, mark the question for review and come back to it later.
• Do not rush through the exam. Take your time and answer each question to the best of your ability.

LTO CDE Online Validation Exam Answer Tagalog Reviewer For Drivers License Renewal

LTO CDE exam reviewer and answer Set 1

1.) Ilang taon ang maaaring ibigay na lisenysa sa isang drayber na walang traffic violation?
Sagot: 10 taon na lisensya

2.) Ikaw ay malapit nang lumiko pakaliwa at isang mabilis na sasakyan mula sa kabilang bahagi ng kalsada ay patungo din sa direksyong nais mong likuan, ano ang gagawin mo?
Sagot: hayaang makalampas ang mas mabilis na sasakyan

3.) Maaaring isuspinde ang rehistro ng sasakayan kung ito ay:
Sagot: ang sasakyan ay hindi kaaya-aya

4.) Ang 30-araw na suspensyon ng lisensya sa pagmamaneho ay ipapataw kung:
Sagot: kung nabigo ang drayber na bayaran ang kaukulang multa sa loob ng 15 araw

5.) Maaari ka bang magparada sa loob ng interseksyon?
Sagot: Hindi

6.) Ilang oras maaaring gamitin ang Temporary Operator’s Permit (TOP) sa pagmamaneho?
Sagot: 72 oras

7.) Sa normal na traffic violation, sino ang maaaring kumumpiska ng lisensya?
Sagot: Ang mga ahente o enforcer lamang na itinalaga ng LTO

8.) Ano ang pangunahing layunin ng regular na pag inspeksyon ng isang sasakyan?
Sagot: Para tingnan ang kaayusan ng sasakyan

9.) Ang iyong lisensya ay nag-expired na. Pinapahintulutan ka pa bang magmaneho sa pinakamalapit na LTO upang i-renew ang iyong lisensya?
Sagot: Hindi

10.) Ang isang fabricated na kompartimento na lagayan sa likod ng upuan ng motorsiklo na itinuturing na isang aksesorya ng motorsiklo:
Sagot: Customized Top-Box

11.) Maaari bang gamitin sa pampublikong daan ang motorsiklo kung ito ay wala pang rehistro?
Sagot: Hindi

12.) Maaaring isuspinde ang rehistro ng sasakayan kung ito ay:
Sagot: ang sasakyan ay makakasira sa pampublikong kalsada

13.) Kailan maaaring gumamit ng telepono habang nagmamaneho?
Sagot: Pagtawag sa mga awtoridad para ireport ang krimen o aksidente

14.) Alin sa mga sumusunod ang kwalipikasyon ng isang maayos na drayber?
Sagot: Mga drayber na may kaalaman sa pagmintina ng sasakyan

15.) Ang isang kompartamento na nakakabit sa gilid ng motorsiklo na hindi tataas sa upuan ng motorsiklo na itinuturing na accesory nito:
Sagot: Saddle Bags/Box

16.) Ano ang maaaring ibigay na klasipikasyon ng lisensya sa mga bagong aplikante nito?
Sagot: Non professional driver’s license

17.) Sino ang di-sakop sa ilalim ng Republic Act No. 10666 o Children’s Safety on Motorcycle Act?
Sagot: Mga batang nangangailangan ng agarang atensyong medikal

18.) Saan maaaring ikabit ang karagdagang lamp ng motorsiklo at patungong direksiyon?
Sagot: Nakatuon pakanan

19.) Kailan maaaring hindi gumamit ng child restraint system ang isang bata?
Sagot: Kung ang bata ay may kapansanang pisikal o mental

20.) Saan ka hindi maaaring gumamit ng busina?
Sagot: Sa harap ng ospital o klinika

21.) Maaari bang gamitin ang duplicate o kopya ng lisenya sa pagmamaneho?
Sagot: Hindi

22.) Maaari ka bang magmaneho ng motorsiklo kung ang iyong lisensya ay may DL Code B ?
Sagot: Hindi

23.) Anong edad maaaring sumakay sa harapan ang isang bata na naaayon sa RA 11229?
Sagot: 13 taong gulang pataas

24.) Alin sa mga ito ang layunin ng pagkolekta ng Motor Vehicle User’s Chrage (MVUC)
Sagot: Para pondohan at maiwasan ang pagkasira ng mga kalsada

25.) Maaari bang bigyan ng 10 taon na lisensya ang isang drayber kung ito ay mayroong huli o traffic violation?
Sagot: Hindi

LTO CDE exam reviewer and answer Set 2

1.) Anong kulay ng ilaw ang maaaring idagdag sa harap ng sasakyan?
Sagot: Puti o Dilawang puti

2.) Ano ang dapat gawin ng isang drayber kung ang isa pang sasakyan ay gustong mag overtake?
Sagot: Ipagpatuloy ang naturang bilis

3.) Maaari bang gamitin ang isang child restraint system kung ito ay expired na kahit maayos pa ang kondisyon?
Sagot: Hindi

4.) Ang 30-araw na suspensyon ng lisensya sa pagmamaneho ay ipapataw kung:
Sagot: kung nabigo ang drayber na bayaran ang kaukulang multa sa loob ng 15 araw

5.) Ano ang maaaring ipataw na paglabag kung ang isang drayber ay nakapasa sa field sobriety test?
Sagot: inisyal na traffic violation

6.) Kailan dapat gamitin ng drayber ang kanyang helmet?
Sagot: Para sa mahaba o maigsing biyahe at anumang uri ng kalsada

7.) Ayon sa Children’s Safety on Motorcycles Act, ang isang batang wala pang 18 taong gulang ay hindi maaaring sumakay ng motorsiklo sa mga pampublikong kalsada maliban kung:
Sagot: Ang bata ay komportable na maabot nang kanyang mga paa ang foot peg ng motorsiklo, ang kanyang mga kamay ay maaring masalikop ang katawan ng drayber, at siya ay may suot na karaniwang proteksiyon na helmet.

8.) Maaari ka bang magmaneho ng motorsiklo kung ang iyong lisensya ay may DL Code B ?
Sagot: Hindi

9.) Sa normal na traffic violation, sino ang maaaring kumumpiska ng lisensya?
Sagot: Ang mga ahente o enforcer lamang na itinalaga ng LTO

10.) Saan mo maaaring ireklamo o i-contest ang pagkakahuli sa iyo?
Sagot: Sa tanggapan ng adyudikasyon

11.) Alin sa mga sumusunod na pahayag ang totoo?
Sagot: Ang drayber na may hawak ng lisensya para sa manual transmission ay maaaring magmaneho ng may automatik na transmission

12.) Ano ang pangunahing layunin ng regular na pag inspeksyon ng isang sasakyan?
Sagot: Para tingnan ang kaayusan ng sasakyan

13.) Ano ang taas ng isang bata upang ito ay hindi na kailangang gumamit ng child restraint system?
Sagot: 150 sentimetro pataas

14.) Ang top box ay nadisenyo para sa mga motorsiklo na aprubado ng DTI ay hindi na kailangan ng inspeksiyon, rehistro o mahuli basta:
Sagot: Lahat ng nabanggit

15.) Ano ang pinakamasamang mangyayari sa isang away kalsada?
Sagot: kamatayan

16.) Sa pangkaraniwan, anong sasakyan ang maaaring gumamit ng pangatlong linya ng expressway?
Sagot: Para sa mga trucks at buses

17.) Ano ang dapat na kulay ng headlight?
Sagot: Puti o Dilawang puti

18.) Ang isang fabricated na kompartimento na lagayan sa likod ng upuan ng motorsiklo na itinuturing na isang aksesorya ng motorsiklo:
Sagot: Customized Top-Box

19.) Ano ang mga kailangan para sa pagpaparehistro ng sasakyan?
Sagot: Inspeksiyon ng sasakyan at emission test sa LTO

20.) Ano ang mga pagsusuri na ginagawa upang malaman kung positibo sa alak ang isang drayber?
Sagot: Pag tsek sa mata, pag lakad at pagtayo sa isang paa

21.) Ilang oras maaaring gamitin ang Temporary Operator’s Permit (TOP) sa pagmamaneho?
Sagot: 72 oras

22.) Maaari bang gamitin ang duplicate o kopya ng lisenya sa pagmamaneho?
Sagot: Hindi

23.) Ano ang tamang edad upang magkaroon ng lisensya?
Sagot: 17 na taon

24.) Kailan ka maaaring magsakay ng pasahero sa isang pook tawiran?
Sagot: Ang pagsakay at pagbaba ng mga pasahero sa pook tawiran ay kailanman hindi pinahihintulutan

25.) Ano ang maaaring ibigay na klasipikasyon ng lisensya sa mga bagong aplikante nito?
Sagot: Non professional driver’s license

LTO CDE exam reviewer and answer Set 3

1.) Ano ang dapat gawin ng isang drayber kung ang lisensya niya ay nawala?
Sagot: Mag-file ng affidavit of loss at mag-apply ng duplicate license

2.) Sa naka-motorsiklo na may balak lumiko pakanan, ang dapat gamitin na senyas ay:
Sagot: Kaliwang kamay na nakataas

3.) Ang kailangang distansya sa pagitan ng sinusundang sasakyan ay:
Sagot: Sinlaki ng sukat ng isang sasakyan

4.) Sa isang sangandaan/interseksyon na walang nakatalagang senyas trapiko, dalawang sasakyan ang dumarating, aling sasakyan ang may karapatan sa daan?
Sagot: Ang sasakyang galing sa kanan

5.) Ano ang kahulugan ng palasong nakapinta sa kalsada?
Sagot: Sundin ang direksyong itinuturo ng palaso

6.) Ang pinakaligtas na tulin ng isang sasakyan ay naaayon sa:
Sagot: Kondisyon ng kalsada at panahon

7.) Kung ang drayber ng sasakyan na nasa unahan mo ay naglabas ng kaliwang kamay na nakaturo sa kaliwa, siya ay:
Sagot: Kakaliwa

8.) Kung ang drayber ng sasakyan na nasa unahan mo ay naglabas ng kaliwang kamay at inunat ito paitaas, nakakatiyak ka na siya ay:
Sagot: Kakanan

9.) Kung ang drayber ng sasakyan na nasa unahan mo ay naglabas ng kaliwang kamay na nakaturo sa kaliwa, siya ay:
Sagot: Kakaliwa

10.) Ang paggamit ng huwad (fake) na lisensya ay ipinagbabawal at may parusang:
Sagot: Php 1,500.00 at anim na buwan na hindi makakakuha ng lisensya

11.) Maaari kang lumusot (mag-overtake) sa kanang bahagi ng sasakyan kung:
Sagot: Ang highway ay may dalawa o higit pang linya patungo sa isang direksyon

12.) Kung umilaw ang “brake lights” ng sasakyang nasa unahan mo, dapat kang:
Sagot: Humanda sa pagpreno

13.) Ang isang drayber ay itinuturing na Professional kung:
Sagot: Siya ay inuupahan o binabayaran sa pagmamaneho ng sasakyang pribado o pampasahero

14.) Sa isang sangandaan/interseksyon na walang senyas trapiko, dalawang sasakyan ang dumarating sa magkabilang kalye, aling sasakyan ang dapat magbigay?
Sagot: Ang huling dumating

15.) Kung ang drayber ng sasakyang nasa iyong unahan ay naglabas ng kaniyang kaliwang kamay at itinuro ito sa lupa, siya ay:
Sagot: Hihinto

16.) Ang lisensyang Non-Professional ay para lamang sa:
Sagot: Mga pribadong sasakyan

17.) Ano ang kahulugan ng senyas trapiko na kulay asul at puti na parihaba o parisukat ang hugis?
Sagot: Nagbibigay impormasyon/kaalaman

18.) Anong edad maaaring sumakay sa harapan ang isang bata na naaayon sa RA 11229?
Sagot: 13 taong gulang pataas

19.) Ano ang dapat gawin kung pinahihinto ng pulis?
Sagot: Huminto at ibigay ang lisensya at ibang papeles ng sasakyan kung hinihingi

20.) Sino ang di-sakop sa ilalim ng Republic Act No. 10666 o Children’s Safety on Motorcycle Act?
Sagot: Mga batang nangangailangan ng agarang atensyong medikal

21.) Anong mga sasakyan ang nasasakop ng Motor Vehicle User’s Charge (MVUC)
Sagot: Lahat ng mga sasakyang nakarehistro sa LTO

22.) Maaari ka bang magparada sa bangketa?
Sagot: hindi

23.) Maaaring isuspinde ang rehistro ng sasakayan kung ito ay:
Sagot: ang sasakyan ay makakasira sa pampublikong kalsada

24.) Ano ang mangyayari kung hindi pumayag ang drayber na magpasuri dahil lumabag siya sa batas na bawal magmaneho ang nakainom ng alak?
Sagot: Pagkumpiska sa lisensiya at automatik na rebukasyon

25.) Ano ang maaaring ipataw na paglabag kung ang isang drayber ay nakapasa sa field sobriety test?
Sagot: inisyal na traffic violation

LTO CDE exam reviewer and answer (random)

Maaaring isuspinde ang rehistro ng sasakayan kung ito ay:
kung ang sasakyan ay masyadong magaan upang makatawid sa mga pampublikong daan
ang sasakyan ay hindi pangharap na pagmamaneho
ang sasakyan ay makakasira sa pampublikong kalsada

Ano ang mga pagsusuri na ginagawa upang malaman kung positibo sa alak ang isang drayber?
Pag tsek sa mata, pag lakad at pagtayo sa isang paa
pagtsek sa mata, diretsong pagtakbo, luksong lundag
Pagbabasa, pag-awit sa lupang hinirang at pag-inom ng isang litrong tubig

Anong ang dapat na bilis ng sasakyan kung ito ay manggagaling sa isang continuity lane?
Sundin ang bilis ng mga sasakyan sa loob ng expressway
Huminto sa gilid ng continuity lane at gumamit ng signal light
Biglaang pagtapak sa selenyador ng mas mabilis sa speed limit

Ilang oras maaaring gamitin ang Temporary Operator’s Permit (TOP) sa pagmamaneho?
72 oras
Apatnapu’t walong oras
Dalawamput apat na oras

Ilang taon ang maaaring ibigay na lisenysa sa isang drayber na walang traffic violation?
5 taon na lisensya
10 taon na lisensya
15 taon na lisensya

Ano ang maaaring maging traffic violation ng isang drayber na nag overtake sa isang interseksyon na may isang lane lamang papunta sa iisang direksyon?
pag overtake sa isang interseksyon
Obstruction
Pagbalewala sa senyas trapiko

Ano ang kailangan mong suriin upang magkaroon ng maayos pagtingin sa paligid habang ikaw ay nagmamaneho?
Tamang pag aayos ng upuan ng driver at mga salamin sa gilid at likuran
Bukas na mga bintana
Lahat ng ilaw ay malinis

Alin sa mga sumusunod na pahayag ang totoo?
Ang isang may hawak ng DL na may awtoridad na magmaneho ng manual transmission (MT) ay hindi pinapayagan na magmaneho ng mga sasakyan na automatic transmission (AT)
Ang drayber na may hawak na lisensya para sa atomatik na sasakyan ay pwedeng magmaneho ng sasakyang manwal.
Ang drayber na may hawak ng lisensya para sa manual transmission ay maaaring magmaneho ng may automatik na transmission

Kailan maaaring hindi gumamit ng child restraint system ang isang bata?
Kung ang bata ay may kapansanang pisikal o mental
Kung ang bata ay ayaw umupo sa child restraint system
kung ang pamilya ay pupunta sa mall

Ang paggamit ba ng cellphone ay bawal habang nagmamaneho?
Oo, kung ang drayber ay hindi naiparehistro ang telepono sa LTO
Oo, kung ang drayber ay gumagamit ng wireless na gadget
Oo, kung ang drayber ay hindi gumagamit ng wireless na pandinig at mikropono na gadget

Saan dapat ilagay o ikabit ang plaka ng motorsiklo?
Sa tangke ng gasolina ng motorsiklo
Sa likuran ng motorsiklo
Sa takip ng tangke ng motorsiklo

Kung huminto ka sa interseksiyon, anong kulay ng ilaw trapiko maaari kang gumamit ng telepono?
Wala, ang paggamit ng cellphone ay ipinagbabawal kahit nakahinto ang sasakyan sa isang interseksyon
Pula, upang walang madistorbo
Dilaw, upang ang pagtex ay humaba

Saan mo maaaring ireklamo o i-contest ang pagkakahuli sa iyo?
Sa tanggapan ng adyudikasyon
Sa kalsada, bago umalis ang enforcer
Sa alin mang tanggapan ng adyudikasyon

Maaari bang gamitin ang duplicate o kopya ng lisenya sa pagmamaneho?
hindi, maliban kung pinayagan ng traffic enforcer
Oo, kung ang duplikadong kopya ay katulad mismo ng kulay ng orihinal
Hindi

Ano ang tamang edad upang magkaroon ng lisensya?
16 na taon
17 na taon
dalawampong taon

Ano ang maaaring ibigay na klasipikasyon ng lisensya sa mga bagong aplikante nito?
Professional Driver’s License
Non professional driver’s license
Kahit alin sa dalawa

Ang 30-araw na suspensyon ng lisensya sa pagmamaneho ay ipapataw kung:
kung ang paglabag sa trapiko ay mabigat
kung nabigo ang drayber na bayaran ang kaukulang multa sa loob ng 15 araw
kung nabigo ang drayber na bayaran ang kaukulang multa sa loob ng 72 na oras

Kailan maaaring hindi gumamit ng child restraint system ang isang bata?
Kung ang bata ay mahuhuli sa kanyang iskedyul sa ospital
Kung ang bata ay papunta sa eskwelahan
Kung ang bata ay nangangailangan ng agarang lunas o medikal

Maaari bang payagan ng drayber na sumakay ang pasahero sa bubong o takip ng sasakyan?
oo, kung walang reklamo at pumapayag ang mga pasahero
Oo
Hindi

Ang isang kompartamento na nakakabit sa gilid ng motorsiklo na hindi tataas sa upuan ng motorsiklo na itinuturing na accesory nito:
Top Box
Customized Top-Box
Saddle Bags/Box

Ano ang mga kailangan para sa pagpaparehistro ng sasakyan?
Anti-carnapping clearance
Inspeksiyon ng sasakyan at emission test sa LTO
District Traffic Enforcement Clearance

Ikaw ay nagmamaneho sa municipal road na may bilis na 80kph, nang biglang may isang bata na tumawid sa kalsada, Ano ang dapat mong gawin?
maghanda sa pagbagal
tapakan ang brake
magpatuloy sa pagmamaneho upang maiwasan ang sakuna sa kalsada

Maaaring isuspinde ang rehistro ng sasakayan kung ito ay:
kung ang sasakyan ay maayos na nakapasa sa inspeksyon
ang sasakyan ay hindi kaaya-aya
ang sasakyan ay hindi rehistrado sa nagmamaneho sa oras ng pagkahuli nito

Ayon sa Children’s Safety on Motorcycles Act, ang isang batang wala pang 18 taong gulang ay hindi maaaring sumakay ng motorsiklo sa mga pampublikong kalsada maliban kung:
Ang bata ay komportable na maabot nang kanyang mga paa ang foot peg ng motorsiklo, ang kanyang mga kamay ay maaring masalikop ang katawan ng drayber, at siya ay may suot na karaniwang proteksiyon na helmet.
Nasa maraming mga sasakyang mabibilis o ang pinataw na pinakamabilis na takbo ay lagpas sa 60 kph.
Ang drayber ay pwedeng mayakap ang baywang ng batang nakaupo sa harapan ng drayber at ang bata ay nakasuot ng karaniwang helmet.

Ilang taon ang maaaring ibigay na lisenysa sa isang drayber na mayroong traffic violation?
10 taon na lisensya
5 taon na lisensya
3 taon na lisensya

Anong edad maaaring sumakay sa harapan ang isang bata na naaayon sa RA 11229?
13 taong gulang pataas
16 na taon pataas
18 na taon pataas

Maaari ka bang magparada sa bangketa?
Hindi, maliban kung pinayagan ng may ari ng establisyemento na gamitin ang bangketa upang maging paradahan
Hindi, maliban kung pinahintulutan ng traffic enforcer
hindi

Anong kulay ng ilaw ang maaaring idagdag sa harap ng sasakyan?
kahit anong kulay ay maaari
Pula
Puti o Dilawang puti

Ano ang ibig sabihin ng patay sinding kulay pulang ilaw trapiko?
huminto at maghintay ng berdeng ilaw trapiko
Huminto sa tamang hintuan at magpatuloy kung ito’y ligtas
Ipagpatuloy ang pagmamaneho

Sa normal na traffic violation, sino ang maaaring kumumpiska ng lisensya?
Ang mga ahente o enforcer lamang na itinalaga ng LTO
Kahit sino, basta ang paglabag ay nakapaloob sa R.A. No. 4136
Kahit sino, basta ang enforcer ay permanenteng empleyado ng gobyerno

Ano ang pangunahing layunin ng regular na pag inspeksyon ng isang sasakyan?
Para siyasatin ang mga numero ng chassis at motor ng sasakyan
Para tingnan ang kaayusan ng sasakyan
Para tingnan ang pagganap ng drayber sa kanyang pagmamaneho

Ang iyong lisensya ay nag-expired na. Pinapahintulutan ka pa bang magmaneho sa pinakamalapit na LTO upang i-renew ang iyong lisensya?
Oo, basta sumunod ka sa batas trapiko.
Hindi
Oo, basta dumiretso ka sa pinakamalapit na tanggapan ng LTO at huwag hihinto sa daan,

Ano ang dapat na kulay ng headlight?
kahit anong kulay ay maaari
Pula
Puti o Dilawang puti

Sa isang rotunda na maraming lane, saan ka maaring manatili kung liliko pakanan sa susunod na interseksyon?
Kahit saan
Sa pinaka-kaliwang lane
Sa pinaka-kanan na lane

Sino ang di-sakop sa ilalim ng Republic Act No. 10666 o Children’s Safety on Motorcycle Act?
Mga batang papasok sa paaralan
Mga batang nangangailangan ng agarang atensyong medikal
Lahat ng nabanggit

Maaari bang bigyan ng 10 taon na lisensya ang isang drayber kung ito ay mayroong huli o traffic violation?
Hindi
Oo
Oo kung ang penalty ay nabayaran labinlimang taon bago mag-renew

Saan dapat ilagay ang plaka ng isang sasakyan?
isa sa harap at isa sa likod ng sasakyan
dalawa sa harap
isa sa harap na windshield at isa sa likurang salamin

Ano ang pangunahing responsibilidad ng isang drayber sa isang aksidente?
Tulungan ang naaksidente
Tumakbo at magtago
Tanungin ang mga biktima nang pagkakakilanlan

Maaari ka bang magmaneho ng motorsiklo kung ang iyong lisensya ay may DL Code B ?
Oo
Hindi, maliban kung pinahintulutan ng traffic enforcer
Hindi

Ano ang taas ng isang bata upang ito ay hindi na kailangang gumamit ng child restraint system?
100 sentimetro pataas
150 sentimetro pataas
180 sentimetro pataas

Ang isang fabricated na kompartimento na lagayan sa likod ng upuan ng motorsiklo na itinuturing na isang aksesorya ng motorsiklo:
Top Box
Customized Top-Box
Saddle Bags/Box

Saan napupunta ang mga siningil na pera mula sa Motor Vehicle User’s Charge (MVUC)?
Ang nakolekta na pera ay ginagamit sa pagsasaayos ng kalsada
Ang mga nakolektang pera ay magagamit pansahod sa mga enforcers
Ang mga nakolektang pera ay para sa pagpapagawa ng mga dike at dam

Saan maaaring ikabit ang karagdagang lamp ng motorsiklo at patungong direksiyon?
nakatuon pakaliwa
Nakatuon pakanan
Nakatuon paibaba

Saan mo maaaring iparada ang iyong sasakyan?
Sa itinakdang lugar ng paradahan
Sa loob ng interseksiyon
Sa driveway ng ospital

Kailan dapat gamitin ng drayber ang kanyang helmet?
Sa mahaba o maiksing byahe
Para sa mahaba o maigsing biyahe at anumang uri ng kalsada
Para sa pangkalahatang kalsada lamang

Ikaw ay malapit nang lumiko pakaliwa at isang mabilis na sasakyan mula sa kabilang bahagi ng kalsada ay patungo din sa direksyong nais mong likuan, ano ang gagawin mo?
hayaang makalampas ang mas mabilis na sasakyan
agad na kumanan
magmaneho ng mabilis upang maiwasanan ang mas mabilis na sasakyan

Ano ang dapat gawin ng isang drayber kung ang isa pang sasakyan ay gustong mag overtake?
Ipagpatuloy ang naturang bilis
Bilisan ang takbo
Tumabi sa gilid ng kalsada

Ang top box ay nadisenyo para sa mga motorsiklo na aprubado ng DTI ay hindi na kailangan ng inspeksiyon, rehistro o mahuli basta:
Nakakabit na maayos at ligtas sa motorsiklo
Makakarga ng dalawa na buong helmet
Lahat ng nabanggit

Kung nakakaramdam ka ng pagka-antok habang nagmamaneho, mahalaga na ikaw ay:
magparada sa ligtas na lugar at magpahinga bago magpatuloy
bilisan ang takbo upang makarating ng mabilis sa destinasyon
huminto sa pagmamaneho, iswitch ang mga hazard lights at magpahinga

Kailan mo maaaring ipahiram ang iyong lisensya sa pagmamaneho?
Sa oras ng emergency
Kailanman ay hindi pinahihintulotan
Sa mga taong nag-aaral magmaneho

Ano ang maaaring ipataw na paglabag kung ang isang drayber ay nakapasa sa field sobriety test?
pagwalang bahala sa senyas trapiko
pagmamaneho ng lasing
inisyal na traffic violation

Ano ang dapat mong gawin pagkatapos mag-park at bago bumaba ng sasakyan?
Isara lahat ng mga pintuan
I-switch ang parking brake
Bumusina

Kailan ginagamit ang Alcohol Breath Analyzer (ABA)?
Kung ipinilit ng enforer na gamitin ang ABA test
Kung ang drayber ay bumagsak ng isa sa mga field sobriety test
Kung ang drayber ay pumasa sa lahat ng field sobriety test

Sino ang may pananagutan kung ang isang motorsiklo ay ginamit sa krimen?
may ari, drayber, backrider
Drayber lamang
Drayber at sakay nito

May pananagutan ba ang isang drayber na nagkaroon ng pagkakataon na maiwasan ang isang aksidente sa kalsada ngunit ito ay hindi niya ginawa?
Oo
Hindi
wala sa nabanggit

Ano ang mangyayari kung hindi pumayag ang drayber na magpasuri dahil lumabag siya sa batas na bawal magmaneho ang nakainom ng alak?
Pagkaalis ng rehistro ng sasakyan
Pagkumpiska sa lisensiya at automatik na rebukasyon
Pagsuspende sa lisensiya sa loob ng dalwang taon

Ano ang pinakamasamang mangyayari sa isang away kalsada?
kamatayan
Mas maraming kaibigan
Refreshment

Ano ang maaaring mangyari kung ang isang drayber ay hindi malampasan ang stress o tensyon?
tamang paglipat ng lane o pwesto
Maayos na pagpreno
Away sa kalsada

Maaari bang gamitin ang isang child restraint system kung ito ay expired na kahit maayos pa ang kondisyon?
Oo
Hindi
Oo, basta’t ito ay pinapayagan ng traffic enforcer

Maaari bang gamitin sa pampublikong daan ang motorsiklo kung ito ay wala pang rehistro?
Hindi
Oo
Oo, kung ang pagbiyahe ay may pahintulot ang dealer nito

Ano ang pangunahing layunin ng hazard markers?
Upang paalalahanan ang drayber tungkol sa pagbabago ng direksyon ng patutunguhan
Paalalahanan ang drayber para huminto
Para utusan ang drayber na bumalik agad

Ano ang iyong nilalabag kung ikaw ay nagmamaneho ng mabagal sa isang linya na para lamang sa pag overtake?
Pagharang o obstruction
Pagtakbo ng mabilis
Mabagal na pagtakbo

Ilang pulgada maaaring maglagay ng telephono mula sa dashboard ng sasakyan?
Dalawang pulgada
Apat na pulgada
Anim na pulgada

Maaari ka bang magparada katabi ng isang nakaparadang sasakyan sa loob ng pampublikong kalsada?
Hindi
Hindi, maliban kung ang may-ari ay pumayag para magparada
Hindi, maliban kung pinahintulutan ng traffic enforcer

Maaari bang mag overtake sa kalsada na putol putol na linya?
Oo, kung walang traffic enforcers
Oo, kahit anong oras kasi karapatan mo
Oo, pero mag-ingat

Ano ang dapat gawin ng isang law enforcer kung makumpiska ang isang motorsiklo?
Gamitin ang motorsiklo pansamantala
I-surrender ang motorsiklo sa awtoridad
Dalhin ang motorsiklo sa pinakamalapit na impounding area

Kailan maaaring gumamit ng telepono habang nagmamaneho?
Tawagan ang kapatid upang isara ang mga pinto bago matulog
Tawagan ang mga awtoridad para ipaalam ang sirang traffic light
Pagtawag sa mga awtoridad para ireport ang krimen o aksidente

Sinong mga drayber ang dapat na gumamit ng seat belt?
Sa mga may hawak ng lisensyang nonprofessional at professional
Para sa mga drayber ng pampublikong sasakyan
Para sa mga hindi propesyunal na drayber, partikular sa mga magagaan na sasakyan

Ano ang maaaring masamang mangyari kung tumingin ka sa mata ng isang galit na drayber?
maaaring humingi ng paumanhin ang nasabing na drayber
Ang galit na drayber ay maaaring magdahan-dahan
Ito ay maaaring mag-udyok sa galit na drayber

Alin sa mga ito ang maaaring lumampas sa itinakdang bilis?
Kung ang drayber ay may pasaherong may sakit or sugatan
drayber na may dalang nabubulok na kargamento
drayber na naghahanap ng CR o pahingahan

Maaari bang magmaneho sa mga transition lines sa kalsada?
Oo
Hindi
oo, kung ang trapiko ay mabigat

Sino ang mananalo kung ang bawat partido ay hindi malampasan ang stress o tensyon?
wala sa agresibo o sa biktima
Opisyal ng adyudikasyon
Insurance company

Anong linya ang dapat mong gamitin sa three-lane na expressway kung ikaw ay nagmamaneho ng kotse?
sa unang lane
Pangalawang lane
Pangatlong lane

Kailan mo dapat sundin ang mga batas trapiko?
Kung umiiwas sa isang enforcer
Habang nagpaparada
Habang nasa manibela

Ilang metro ang layo na maaaring pumarada ang isang sasakyan sa fire hydrant?
Higit sa isang metro mula sa boka insenyo o fire hydrant
Lagpas apat na metro mula sa fire hydrant
Walang regulasyon kung saan pumarada sa gilid ng fire hydrant

Kailan ka maaaring magsakay ng pasahero sa isang pook tawiran?
Kung hindi nakalingon ang mga traffic enforcers
Kung naghihintay na ang pasahero
Ang pagsakay at pagbaba ng mga pasahero sa pook tawiran ay kailanman hindi pinahihintulutan

Ano ang layunin ng rumble strips sa kalsada?
Huminto agad at maghintay ng go signal pagkarating sa interseksyon
Para malaman ang speed parating sa obstruction o intersection
Para mas agresibo

Kailan maaaring mag-overtake sa kanan ng maingat sa isang sasakyan sa matataong lugar?
Kung ang ilaw trapiko ay malapit ng maging kulay pula
kung ang kalsada ay may dalawa o higit pa patungo sa iisang direksiyon
Ang pag-overtake sa matataomg lugar ay bawal

Maaari bang magkarga ng kargamento na lampas sa itinakdang timbang ng sasakyan?
Oo
Hindi
Oo, kung ang karga ay madaling mabasag o nabubulok

Kapag nais mong magpalit o lumipat sa mas mataas na gear upang mas bumilis, at ang isang sasakyan sa kasalungat na direksyon ay mabilis na tumatawid sa iyong linya, ano ang iyong gagawin mo?
maging alerto, huminto at magbigay daan sa pagtawid ng mga sasakyan
igiit ang iyong karapatan sa daan
agad na kumaliwa

Ano ang iyong gagawin kung ang kaibigang pasahero ay humiling na bumaba sa hindi tamang babaan?
Buksan ang pinto at hayaang tumalon ang pasahero
Huwag buksan ang pinto hangga’t hindi makarating sa tamang babaan
Sigawan ang pasahero at buksan ang pinto

Ano ang maaaring mangyari kung ipagwalang bahala ng drayber ang senyas trapiko?
Aksidente o road crash
Wala
Sasaya ang mga pasahero

Anong klaseng helmet ang dapat gamitin ng rider ng motorsiklo?
Standard motorcycle helmet na sumunod sa regulasyon ng DTI
Standard motorcycle helmet na sumunod sa panuntunan ng DENR
Standard motorcycle helmet na naaayon sa panuntunan ng DTI

Kailan maaaring mag overtake sa isang kurbada?
Kung ang nakikita ng drayber ay nasa isang kilometro at kung ang kalsada ay walang guhit na nagbabawal mag-overtake
Anumang oras na gusto ng drayber na mag-overtake
Kung ang drayber ay makikita niya 150 na metro at walang senyal sa kalsada na nagbabawal dito

Ano ang kailangan mong gawin bago tumawid sa isang pangunahing highway?
huminto at maghintay ng traffic enforcer
magpatuloy ng mabilis
huminto, tumingin at magpatuloy kung ligtas

Alin sa mga sumusunod ang kwalipikasyon ng isang maayos na drayber?
mga drayber na may kaalaman sa pagsasaayos pinansyal
Mga drayber na nagbabayad ng buwis sa katapusan ng buwan
Mga drayber na may positibong pag-uugali sa road safety

Anong mga sasakyan ang nasasakop ng Motor Vehicle User’s Charge (MVUC)
Lahat ng mga sasakyan na nakarehistro sa DPWH at LTO
Lahat ng mga sasakyang nakarehistro sa LTO
Lahat ng mga sasakyang tumatakbo sa mga pribadong kakalsadahan

Ang mga lugar na ito ay hindi maaaring mag-parada ang mga sasakyan?
Insterseksyon, tawiran
parking area, tawiran
interseksiyon, parking lots

Sa pangkaraniwan, anong sasakyan ang maaaring gumamit ng pangatlong linya ng expressway?
Sa overtaking lamang
Mga kotse lamang
Para sa mga trucks at buses

Maaari ka bang magparada sa loob ng interseksyon?
Oo
Hindi
Oo, basta’t ang may-ari ng lupa ay pumayag

Nagmamaneho ka sa isang kalsada, at ang PWD na naka wheel chair ay biglang tumawid sa kalsada, paano mo maiiwasang tamaan ang PWD?
bilisan ang pagmamaneho
lumipat sa ligtas na lane o lugar upang maiwasan ang PWD
maghanda sa paghinto

Sinong mga drayber ang hindi na kailangan pang gumamit ng seat belt?
Drayber ng bus
Drayber ng motorsiklo o traysikel
Drayber ng SUV

Ano ang dapat na kulay ng ilaw sa likod ng sasakyan?
puti
Anumang kulay ay puwede
Pula

Ano ang dapat ilagay ng isang drayber sa dulo ng kargamento na sumobra ng isang metro ang haba sa kanyang sasakyan?
makintab na kulay itim na bandera o sako
red flag measuring at least 30cms x 30cms
Wala

Alin sa mga sumusunod ang kwalipikasyon ng isang maayos na drayber?
mga drayber na marunong gumamit ng clutch at preno habang nagmamaneho
Mga drayber na may kaalaman sa pagmintina ng sasakyan
Mga drayber na nagpapatuloy sa pagbiyahe kahit na flat ang gulong para maiwasang ma-impound

Normal bang magmaneho sa gitna ng putol putol na guhit?
Oo, ito ay alinsunod sa kasalukuyang batas trapiko
Oo
Hindi

Ano ang dapat mong gawin paparating sa isang kumikislap na pulang ilaw trapiko?
huminto at maghintay sa traffic enforcer
huminto bago ang stop line at magpatuloy kung ligtas
huminto at humingi ng tulong

Ano ang ibig sabihin ng patay sinding kulay dilaw na ilaw trapiko?
Magmaneho ng may tulin na 40kph
Huminto sa tamang hintuan
Magpatuloy nang maingat

Alin sa mga sumusunod ang madalas na dahilan ng stress o tensyon?
personal at problema sa pamilya, mabagal na daloy ng trapiko, hindi maayos na kalsada, mga nakakainis na bumubuntot na motorista, biglaang paghinto ng sasakyan sa harapan
Nakangiti at masunurin na mga pasahero, mga taong tumatawid sa tawiran, mga disiplinadong kapwa motorista
Tamang pagpreno ng mga sasakyan sa harapan, paghinto ng mga iba pang sasakyan sa tamang lugar, paggamit ng senyas ng pagliko ng mga motorista bago lumipat ng lane

The post LTO LTMS Portal CDE Online Validation Exam Tagalog Reviewer appeared first on Exam Reviewer.

LTO CDE Online Validation Exam Answer English Reviewer For Drivers License Renewal

LTO CDE exam reviewer and answer Set 1

1.) What shall be the color of auxiliary lamps installed at the front a vehicle?
Answer: white or yellowish white

2.) Where can you contest an alleged traffic violation?
Answer: at the traffic adjudication office concerned

3.) Where should the number plate of a motorcycle be displayed?
Answer: At the rear of the motorcycle

4.) Motorcycle top box specifically designed for motorcycles and approved by DTI may not be subjected for inspection, registration or apprehension provided that:
Answer: All of the Above

5.) When can a child be exempted to be sitted in a child restraint system?
Answer: If the child has a medical, mental, or psychological condition

6.) A storage compartment attached at the side of the motorcycle not higher than the seat of motorcycle that is considered as motorcycle accessory:
Answer: Saddle Bags/Box

7.) When can a driver safely overtake on the right of a vehicle within a business or residential district?
Answer: If the highway has two or more lanes going in one direction

8.) When can a driver be allowed to use his mobile phone while driving?
Answer: Calling authorities to report a crime or road crash

9.) Who has the authority to confiscate a driver’s license during a normal traffic violation?
Answer: LTO Law Enforcement Officers or LTO Deputized Agents

10.) With this pavement markings, can the vehicle overtake on the side of the broken line?
Answer: Yes but passing is not permitted on the side of the solid line

11.) What is the maximum validity of license that a driver may have if he/she has no traffic violation at the time of renewal?
Answer: 10 years validity

12.) Is using a mobile phone illegal while driving?
Answer: Yes, if the driver is not using a hands-free mode for the mobile phone

13.) How many hours may a Temporary Operator’s Permit (TOP) be used as a temporary driver’s license?
Answer: 72 hours

14.) A 30-day suspension of the driver’s license shall be imposed if:
Answer: The driver fails to pay the fine within 72 hours

15.) Can you drive a motorcycle if your license bears DL Code B ?
Answer: No

16.) Who are responsible if a motorcycle was used in the commission of a crime?
Answer: owner, driver and backrider

17.) A fabricated storage compartment fitted behind the seat of a motorcycle that is considered as a motorcycle accessory:
Answer: Customized Top-Box

18.) Registration of motor vehicle may be suspended if:
Answer: motor vehicle is found to be unsightly

19.) What shall be the validity of a license that a driver may have if he/she has traffic violation at the time of renewal?
Answer: 5 years validity

20.) Is it allowed to drive a motorcycle in a public road pending release of the Certificate of Registration?
Answer: No

21.) What is the allowed age to apply for a Non Professional driver’s license?
Answer: 17 years old

22.) Where do the collected payments for Motor Vehicle User’s Charge go?
Answer: The collected payments shall be used to upgrade or maintain the roads

23.) What are the requirements for motor vehicle registration?
Answer: LTO inspection of the vehicle and emission test compliance

24.) What is the main use of hazard markers?
Answer: To remind the driver of changes in the direction of travel

25.) You are driving at a speed of 80 kph, along a municipal road, and suddenly a child crosses the street, What should you do ?
Answer: step on the brake

LTO CDE exam reviewer and answer Set 2

1.) How can you overcome stress?
Answer: taking a deep breath, sitting comfortably, listening to soothing music, allowing enough space in front and providing extra travel time

2.) Which of the following is the objective of Motor Vehicle User’s Charge Law?
Answer: To fund and prevent premature deterioration of the road

3.) Motorcycle top box specifically designed for motorcycles and approved by DTI may not be subjected for inspection, registration or apprehension provided that:
Answer: All of the Above

4.) Under the Children’s Safety on Motorcycles Act, a child below 18 years old can’t ride in a two-wheeled motorcycle on public roads unless:
Answer: The child can comfortably reach his/her feet on the standard foot peg of the motor cycle, his/her arms can reach around and grasp the waist of the motorcycle driver, and he/she is wearing the standard protective helmet.

5.) What is the initial Driver’s License Classification for applicants of new license?
Answer: Non professional driver’s license (NPDL)

6.) When can a driver be allowed to use his mobile phone while driving?
Answer: Calling authorities to report a crime or road crash

7.) When shall an Alcohol Breath Analyzer (ABA) be used?
Answer: When the driver failed at least one of the field sobriety tests

8.) What will happen if the driver refuses to undergo mandatory testing, if such driver is suspected of driving under the influence of liquor?
Answer: Confiscation of driver’s license and consequent automatic revocation

9.) When can a child be exempted to be sitted in a child restraint system?
Answer: If the child requires immediate medical treatment

10.) What is the allowed age to apply for a Non Professional driver’s license?
Answer: 17 years old

11.) Can an expired child restraint system be used when it still looks in good shape?
Answer: No

12.) A 30-day suspension of the driver’s license shall be imposed if:
Answer: The driver fails to pay the corresponding penalty of the apprehension within 15 days

13.) Can a driver allow a cyclist to hitch on his vehicle?
Answer: No

14.) Can a driver be given a 10-year validity license if he/she has traffic violation/s?
Answer: No

15.) Where should the number plate of a motorcycle be displayed?
Answer: At the rear of the motorcycle

16.) Which of the following statement is true?
Answer: A DL holder with authority to drive vehicles with manual transmission (MT) is allowed to operate vehicles with automatic transmission (AT)

17.) What type of motor vehicles are covered by Motor Vehicle User’s Charge Law?
Answer: All motor vehicles registered with LTO

18.) Where do the collected payments for Motor Vehicle User’s Charge go?
Answer: The collected payments shall be used to upgrade or maintain the roads

19.) What is the height requirement for a child to be exempted to use a child restraint system?
Answer: 150 cms and above

20.) When may you lend your driver’s license?
Answer: Under no circumstances

21.) Where should an auxiliary lamp installed on a motorcycle, be directed at?
Answer: pointed rightward

22.) Who has the authority to confiscate a driver’s license during a normal traffic violation?
Answer: LTO Law Enforcement Officers or LTO Deputized Agents

23.) A storage compartment attached at the side of the motorcycle not higher than the seat of motorcycle that is considered as motorcycle accessory:
Answer: Saddle Bags/Box

24.) Where do you need to display your plate number?
Answer: one in front and one in the rear of the vehicle

25.) Can a driver use a photocopy of driver’s license while driving?
Answer: No

LTO CDE exam reviewer and answer Set 3

1.) What violation that may be applied if a driver passed the three field sobriety test?
Answer: the initial traffic violation

2.) Under the Children’s Safety on Motorcycles Act, a child below 18 years old can’t ride in a two-wheeled motorcycle on public roads unless:
Answer: The child can comfortably reach his/her feet on the standard foot peg of the motor cycle, his/her arms can reach around and grasp the waist of the motorcycle driver, and he/she is wearing the standard protective helmet.

3.) What will happen if the driver refuses to undergo mandatory testing, if such driver is suspected of driving under the influence of liquor?
Answer: Confiscation of driver’s license and consequent automatic revocation

4.) When can a child be exempted to be sitted in a child restraint system?
Answer: If the child requires immediate medical treatment

5.) Who is exempted from Republic Act No. 10666 or Children’s Safety on Motorcycle Act?
Answer: Child who needs to be transported for immediate medical attention

6.) Can a driver use a photocopy of driver’s license while driving?
Answer: No

7.) Which of the following statement is true?
Answer: A DL holder with authority to drive vehicles with manual transmission (MT) is allowed to operate vehicles with automatic transmission (AT)

8.) A fabricated storage compartment fitted behind the seat of a motorcycle that is considered as a motorcycle accessory:
Answer: Customized Top-Box

9.) Where should the number plate of a motorcycle be displayed?
Answer: At the rear of the motorcycle

10.) What should you not do when following a rider?
Answer: use excessive horn to overtake

11.) You are driving at a speed of 80 kph, along a municipal road, and suddenly a child crosses the street, What should you do ?
Answer: step on the brake

12.) Where do the collected payments for Motor Vehicle User’s Charge go?
Answer: The collected payments shall be used to upgrade or maintain the roads

13.) When may you lend your driver’s license?
Answer: Under no circumstances

14.) Where can you contest an alleged traffic violation?
Answer: at the traffic adjudication office concerned

15.) What is the main purpose of having a vehicle undergo regular vehicle maintenance inspection?
Answer: to check the roadworthiness of the vehicle

16.) What is the meaning of a flashing red traffic light?
Answer: Stop before the stop line and proceed only when safe

17.) What is the maximum validity of license that a driver may have if he/she has no traffic violation at the time of renewal?
Answer: 10 years validity

18.) What shall be the color of auxiliary lamps installed at the front a vehicle?
Answer: white or yellowish white

19.) What do you need before crossing a primary highway?
Answer: stop, look and proceed when safe

20.) A 30-day suspension of the driver’s license shall be imposed if:
Answer: The driver fails to pay the corresponding penalty of the apprehension within 15 days

21.) Can a driver be given a 10-year validity license if he/she has traffic violation/s?
Answer: No

22.) Can you drive a motorcycle if your license bears DL Code B ?
Answer: No

23.) What is the allowed age to apply for a Non Professional driver’s license?
Answer: 17 years old

24.) Registration of motor vehicle may be suspended if:
Answer: motor vehicle is capable of causing excessive damage to public roads

25.) What must you do approaching a blinking red traffic light?
Answer: stop before the stop line and proceed if safe

LTO CDE exam reviewer and answer (random)

When do you need to use your seat belt?
Answer: While the engine is running and before moving off

When are you allowed to pick up passengers at a pedestrian lane?
Answer: Loading and unloading passengers at a pedestrian lane is not allowed

Can you park alongside of a parked vehicle within a public road?
Answer: No

What is the first thing to do if you experience a tire blowout?
Answer: Don’t step on the brakes, focus on the steering wheel

What type of helmet should a rider must use?
Answer: Standard motorcycle helmet compliant to specifications of DTI

What should a driver place at every projecting end of loads exceeding more than one meter from the body of the vehicle?
Answer: Red flag measuring at least 30cms x 30cms

When does a driver need to wear a helmet when riding a motorcycle?
Answer: For long or short drives and in any type of road or highway

Your license has just expired. Are you still authorized /allowed to drive to the nearest LTO to renew your driver’s license ?
Answer: No

Who has the first right of way when two vehicles coming from different direction approaches an intersection at almost the same time?
Answer: The vehicle on the right

Under R.A. No. 11229, What is the allowable age that a child may sit in front passenger seat of a car?
Answer: More than 12 years old

What may happen if a driver failed to overcome stress?
Answer: Road rage

What should a law enforcer do upon seizing a motorcycle from a traffic offender?
Answer: Send the motorcycle to the impounding area

How do you respond to a situation where you are approaching your garage to your right and you need to pass on a bike lane which is open, but a speeding SUV unexpectedly uses the bike lane to overtake you?
Answer: Give way to the speeding SUV

What is the primary responsibility of a driver in times of a road crash?
Answer: Aid the victim

What must you do approaching a blinking yellow traffic light?
Answer: Proceed with caution

What is the maximum height that a driver can install his mobile phone from the base of the dashboard?
Answer: 4 inches

Are you allowed to traverse or cross on a single solid line?
Answer: Yes, but with caution

If your vehicle is stopped at an intersection, in what color of traffic light can you compose your text messages?
Answer: None, texting is prohibited even if the vehicle is stopped at an intersection

What should be the speed of a vehicle when passing markets, school zones or crowded streets?
Answer: Maximum of 20 kph

Where do you need to stop at a red traffic light?
Answer: before the designated stop line

When can a child be exempted to be sitted in a child restraint system?
Answer: If the child has a medical, mental, or psychological condition

What violation that may be applied if a driver passed the three field sobriety test?
Answer: the initial traffic violation

What is the maximum validity of license that a driver may have if he/she has no traffic violation at the time of renewal?
Answer: 10 years validity

With this pavement markings, can the vehicle overtake on the side of the broken line?
Answer: Yes but passing is not permitted on the side of the solid line

What are the three field sobriety tests?
Answer: Eye test, walk and turn, one leg stand

A good driving attitude of a driver is
Answer: drive defensively

Drivers gather most information with their
Answer: eyes

Which of the following is most recommended in a way of dealing with fatigue on a long trip?
Answer: stop periodically for rest and exercise

When can a child be exempted to be seated in a child restraint system?
Answer: If the child requires immediate medical treatment

What is the initial Driver’s License Classification for applicants of a new license?What is the initial Driver’s License Classification for applicants of a new license?
Answer: Non professional driver’s license (NPDL)

Where should an auxiliary lamp installed on a motorcycle be directed at?
Answer: pointed rightward

What should you do to maximize the use of your headlights?
Answer: keep the windshield and mirrors clean

Where can you park your vehicle?
Answer: at a designated parking area

Is it allowed to drive a motorcycle on a public road pending the release of the Certificate of Registration?
Answer: No

What violation may be applied if a driver passed the three field sobriety test?
Answer: the initial traffic violation

When can a child be exempted to be seated in a child restraint system?
Answer: If the child has a medical, mental, or psychological condition

Who is responsible if a motorcycle was used in the commission of a crime?
Answer: owner, driver and backrider

What is the violation of a driver overtaking at an intersection having a one lane direction?
Answer: Overtaking at an intersection

Who will win between two parties if they failed to overcome stress?
Answer: neither the aggressor nor the victim

When parking, how many meters is allowed from the location of a fire hydrant?
Answer: more than four meters of the fire hydrant

What should a driver do while another vehicle is trying to overtake?
Answer: Continue with current speed

Which of the following actions may result in road rage?
Answer: cutting off other vehicles or following too close

When you are about to turn left then a fast-moving vehicle from the other side of the road suddenly heads to the direction you intended to turn. What will you do?
Answer: allow the fast-moving vehicle to pass

What shall be the color of auxiliary lamps installed at the front of a vehicle?
Answer: white or yellowish white

At a roundabout with multiple lanes, where should you stay if you are planning to turn right on the next intersection?
Answer: At the rightmost lane

Can a driver be given a 10-year validity license if he/she has traffic violation/s?
Answer: No

Is a driver allowed to load cargo more than the vehicle’s registered load capacity?
Answer: No

When can a driver be allowed to use his mobile phone while driving?
Answer: Calling authorities to report a crime or road crash

When you do not see the wheels of the vehicles in front of you, should you do?
Answer: Slow down and get back to a safe following distance

While driving with maximum speed and you have to stop suddenly, you should:
Answer: apply your brakes gently with steady pressure

On a wet road, you must:
Answer: slow down

When planning to overtake a slower vehicle in front of you at night, you should:
Answer: flick your dimmer, switch two or three times to signify your intention to the driver of the vehicle that you intend to overtake

At an intersection without stop or yield signs, two cars reach the intersection at the same time. Which car has the right-of-way?
Answer: the car on the right

A car is positioned in an intersection waiting to turn left when the traffic signal light turns red. Who should go first?
Answer: the driver caught in the intersection waiting to turn left

At an intersection without stop or yield signs, two cars approach from different streets. Which car has the right-of-way?
Answer: the vehicle already in the intersection

The driver of a car traveling on a highway is required to yield to
Answer: pedestrian

Before moving your car from a parked position, you should
Answer: check other traffic, signal and pull from curb when it is safe to do so

The speed limit within a school zone during school days is
Answer: 20 kph

Who are exempted from using seat belts?
Answer: Motorcycle riders or tricycle drivers

What should you do if a friend-passenger request to be dropped off in a no loading and unloading zone?
Answer: Do not open the door until vehicle reaches the correct zone

What is the primary objective of the Seat Belt Act?
Answer: To secure and safeguard the passengers and drivers of a motor vehicles

These are the places that parking is not allowed.
Answer: Intersection, crosswalks

What driver’s license classification(s) are/is required to use the seat belts?
Answer: Both for professional and nonprofessional driver’s license holder

Are you allowed to park at a bus or jeepney stop?
Answer: No

You are driving at a speed of 80 kph, along a municipal road, and suddenly a child crosses the street. What should you do ?
Answer: step on the brake

Which of the following is a quality of a defensive driver?
Answer: drivers with positive attitude on road safety

When do you need to use your seat belt?
Answer: While the engine is running and before moving off

What is the ultimate result of a road rage?
Answer: death

Is using a mobile phone illegal while driving?
Answer: Yes, if the driver is not using a hands-free mode for the mobile phone

What will happen if the driver refuses to undergo mandatory testing, if such a driver is suspected of driving under the influence of liquor?
Answer: Confiscation of driver’s license and consequent automatic revocation

Can a driver who had the opportunity to avoid a road crash and neglected to avoid such road crash be jointly held liable?
Answer: Yes

What do you need to do upon parking and getting out of the vehicle?
Answer: engage the parking brake

At an intersection, what should you do when an emergency vehicle is following you?
Answer: Cross the intersection first before giving the right of way

At an intersection, what should you do when an emergency vehicle is following you?
Answer: Cross the intersection first before giving the right of way

Can a driver allow a cyclist to hitch on his vehicle?
Answer: No

What should a driver of a light vehicle do before overtaking a 6-wheeler truck?
Answer: do not overtake if not properly seen

Driving a long and wide truck on a curve, you are about to turn and there is a motorcycle overtaking on a curve coming from the opposite direction. How do you react to this situation?
Answer: if possible, stop to avoid road crash

When you want to change or shift to higher gear to speed up, and a car in the opposite direction crosses quickly to your lane, what will you do?
Answer: be alert, stop and give way to the car crossing

Where should you stay in an expressway with two lanes going in the same direction?
Answer: At the rightmost lane

Who has the first right of way when two vehicles coming from different directions approach an intersection at almost the same time?
Answer: the vehicle on the right

The post LTO LTMS Portal CDE Online Validation Exam English Reviewer appeared first on Exam Reviewer.

Angular advantages over other JavaScript frameworks:

• Structure and organization: Angular’s component-based architecture makes it easy to develop and maintain large and complex SPAs.
• Performance: Angular applications are typically very fast and responsive, thanks to its built-in features such as change detection and data binding.
• Scalability: Angular applications are designed to be scalable to meet the needs of even the most demanding web applications.
• Better user experience: SPAs provide a more fluid and seamless user experience because users do not have to wait for new pages to load.
• Reduced bandwidth usage: SPAs use less bandwidth than traditional web applications because they only need to load the data that is needed to update the current page.
• Community support: Angular has a large and active community of developers, which means that there is a wealth of resources available to help you learn and use the framework.

Brief overview of some of Angular’s key features:

• Components: Angular applications are built around components, which are self-contained pieces of code that encapsulate functionality and appearance.
• Data binding: Angular’s two-way data binding system automatically updates the view whenever the model changes, and vice versa. This makes it easy to develop dynamic and interactive user interfaces.
• Dependency injection: Angular’s dependency injection system makes it easy to decouple your code and write more reusable and testable components.
• Services: Angular services are reusable pieces of code that can be used to perform tasks such as data access, logging, and authentication.
• Directives: Angular directives are custom HTML attributes that can be used to add behavior to elements in the view.

Angular is a powerful and flexible web application framework that can be used to build a wide variety of SPAs, from simple websites to complex enterprise applications. It is a good choice for developers of all skill levels, from beginners to experts.

Frequently asked Angular interview questions

What is AngularJS?

Answer: AngularJS is a dynamic web application framework that allows you to build user interfaces and data models with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. It is based on the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture, which separates the application into three distinct components:

• Model: The model represents the data that is used by the application.
• View: The view is the user interface that is displayed to the user.
• Controller: The controller is responsible for handling user interactions and updating the model and view accordingly.

How to send multipart data from angular?

Answer: Angular uses the HttpClient service to send multipart/form-data files. To do this, you can use the following steps:

1. Create a FormData object.
2. Append the multipart/form-data files to the FormData object.
3. Set the Content-Type header to multipart/form-data.
4. Use the HttpClient service to send a POST request to the server with the FormData object as the payload.

Is angular a framework?

Answer: Yes, Angular is a component-based framework, which means that applications are built around components, which are self-contained pieces of code that encapsulate functionality and appearance. This makes it easy to develop and maintain large and complex SPAs.

What kinds of web applications are best suited for Angular?
Answer: Angular is a good choice for building web applications that need to be fast, responsive, and scalable. It can be used to build a wide variety of web applications, including:

• Enterprise applications: Enterprise applications are complex web applications that are typically used by businesses to manage their operations. Angular is a good choice for building enterprise applications because it provides a number of features that make it easy to develop and maintain large, scalable, and secure web applications.
• E-commerce sites: E-commerce sites are web applications that allow users to purchase products and services online. Angular is a good choice for building e-commerce sites because it provides a number of features that make it easy to develop and maintain fast, responsive, and user-friendly e-commerce sites.
• Single-page applications (SPAs): SPAs are web applications that load a single HTML page and dynamically update that page as the user interacts with the application. Angular is well-suited for building SPAs because it provides a number of features that make it easy to develop and maintain fast, responsive, and user-friendly SPAs.
• Mobile apps: Angular can be used to build mobile apps using a variety of different technologies, including NativeScript and Ionic. Angular-based mobile apps are typically very fast and performant, and they offer a number of features that make them easy to develop and maintain.
• Offline progressive web apps (PWAs): PWAs are web applications that can be used offline, just like a native mobile app. Angular is well-suited for building PWAs because it provides a number of features that make it easy to develop and maintain PWAs that are fast, responsive, and user-friendly.

Angular can also be used to build a variety of other web applications, such as:

• Content management systems (CMS)
• Social media platforms
• Real-time chat applications
• Dashboards and reporting applications
• Gaming applications

Is Angular used for developing the front end or backend of web applications?

Answer: Angular is a front-end framework that is used to develop the user interface of web applications. It is a TypeScript-based programming language that is based on JavaScript. Angular is known for its component-based architecture, which makes it easy to develop and maintain large and complex web applications.
Angular is also known for its two-way data binding system, which automatically updates the view whenever the model changes, and vice versa. This makes it easy to develop dynamic and interactive user interfaces.

What are the benefits of using Angular for front-end web development?

Answer:

• Improved performance: Angular applications are typically very fast and responsive with built-in features such as change detection and data binding.
• Better user experience: Angular makes it easy to develop dynamic and interactive user interfaces, which can lead to a better user experience.
• Scalability: Angular applications are designed to be scalable to meet the needs of even the most demanding web applications.
• Community support: Angular has a large and active community of developers, which means that there is are available resources to help you learn and use the framework.

Can you explain the difference between front-end and back-end development, and why Angular is considered a front-end framework?

Answer: Front-end development is the process of creating the visual and interactive elements of a website or web application. This includes the HTML, CSS, and JavaScript code that is used to render the page and allow users to interact with it. Back-end development is the process of creating and maintaining the server-side logic and infrastructure that supports a website or web application. This includes the programming languages and databases that are used to store and process data, and to handle user requests
Angular is a front-end framework because it is used to build the user interface (UI) and user experience (UX) of web applications. It provides a number of features and tools that make it easy to develop complex and interactive UIs, such as component-based architecture, data binding, and dependency injection.

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A  - motorcycles 
A1 - tricycle 
B  - small passenger cars 
B1 - passenger vans and jeepneys 
B2 - commercial vehicles

Each video consists of 2 sets of questionnaires, totaling 120 questions, along with an answer key. The NPDL exam is computerized, featuring 60 questions. Aim for an 80% passing score (that’s 48 correct answers!) to secure your license. Remember, the actual exam has different sets of questions.

The following are the requirements and documents you need to bring when you submit your application:

• Must be atleast 17 years old.
• Physical and mental fitness for driving.
• Proficiency in reading and writing Filipino or English.
• Valid Student’s Permit (at least 1 month old).
• Medical certificate from an LTO Accredited clinic.
• Theoretical Driving Course (TDC) Certificate
• Practical Driving Course (PDC) Certificate
• Birth certificate

Don’t forget to look presentable when you go to the LTO office. And good luck on your exam!

The post LTO EXAM REVIEWER TAGALOG FOR NON PROFESSIONAL DRIVER’S LICENSE EXAM. 120 KEY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2023 appeared first on Exam Reviewer.

Ang pagkuha ng lisensya sa pagmamaneho sa Pilipinas ay isang mahalagang milestone para sa maraming tao. Ito ay hindi lamang nagbibigay ng kalayaan at kaginhawaan sa pagmamaneho sa mga kalsada ng bansa, kundi nagpapahiwatig din ng antas ng responsibilidad at kahusayan. Gayunpaman, bago ka makakuha ng iyong lisensya, kailangan mong pumasa sa pagsusulit ng Land Transportation Office (LTO), na tumutukoy sa iba’t ibang paksa tungkol sa mga patakaran, regulasyon, at kaligtasan sa trapiko.

Kung naghahanap ka ng paraan para makakuha ng lisensya sa pagmamaneho sa Pilipinas, kailangan mong kumuha at pumasa sa pagsusulit ng Land Transportation Office (LTO). Ang pagsusulit na ito ay kinakailangan upang makakuha ng lisensya sa pagmamaneho at sumasaklaw sa iba’t ibang paksa tungkol sa mga patakaran, regulasyon, at kaligtasan sa trapiko.

Upang matulungan ka sa paghahanda sa mahalagang pagsusulit na ito, itong video na LTO Exam Reviewer English Non-Professional exam answer key ay nagbibigay ng malawakang pagrerebyu ng mga materyal na karaniwang itinatanong sa pagsusulit ng LTO, kabilang ang mga palatandaan at senyales sa trapiko, mga marka sa kalsada, at mga batas sa pagmamaneho.

LTO English and Tagalog Exam Reviewer Youtube Playlist:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dhZ8YYb6jhg&list=PL7FU2ajkiWn_RMjIRMT4PKmr9PUZxQRHK

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